How to Tune a Violin

Updated October 5, 2026

Violin string notes

A violin is tuned in perfect fifths: G3 (196.00 Hz), D4 (293.66 Hz), A4 (440.00 Hz) and E5 (659.26 Hz), from the lowest string to the highest. Orchestras often tune the A to 442 Hz, so set your reference to match the group you play with.

Pegs or fine tuners?

• Fine tuners, the small screws on the tailpiece, are for the last few cents. Turn clockwise to raise the pitch.
• Pegs are for bigger changes. Turn them in small steps and push them gently into the pegbox at the same time, so the peg holds and doesn’t slip back.

The E string is thin and breaks easily, so tune it with its fine tuner whenever possible.

Tuning with a tuner

1. Open the violin tuner and allow the microphone.
2. Start with the A string, then D, G and E.
3. Bow each string steadily for a clear reading. Plucking works too, but the sound fades quickly.
4. Adjust until the needle is centred and green.

Tuning by ear in fifths

Tune the A string to a reference A. Then bow two neighbouring strings together: A with D, D with G, and A with E. A perfect fifth sounds smooth and steady. If you hear a wobble (beats), adjust the string you are tuning until the wobble goes away.

Check the bridge

Over time, tuning up pulls the top of the bridge towards the fingerboard. After big changes, check that the bridge still stands straight, at a right angle to the top of the violin. If it leans, ask your teacher or a luthier (violin maker) to straighten it, because a leaning bridge can bend or fall over.

Also tuning a viola, cello or fiddle? Use the viola, cello or fiddle tuner.

Frequently asked questions

Which violin string should I tune first?

The A string, because orchestras use it as their reference. Then tune D, G and E to it.

Why does my violin peg keep slipping?

Push the peg gently into the pegbox as you turn it. If it still slips, it may need peg compound, or a luthier may need to adjust it.

Should I tune with the bow or by plucking?

Bowing gives a steady, long note that is easier to tune accurately, especially by ear.